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Invasive Candida infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised and hospitalised patients. This article provides the joint recommendations of the German‐speaking Mycological Society (Deutschsprachige Mykologische Gesellschaft, DMyKG) and the Paul‐Ehrlich‐Society for Chemotherapy (PEG) for diagnosis and treatment of invasive and superficial Candida infections. The recommendations...
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the most important systemic mycosis in Latin America. It has been regarded as a multifocal disease, with oral lesions as the prominent feature. To provide useful information concerning the diagnosis and management of the disease, this study describes demographic and clinical data from the medical records of a consecutive series of 66 Brazilian patients from an endemic...
For determining the toxic effect of heavy metals on dermatophytes, eight heavy metals were tested using colony diameter method. Cadmium showed high toxicity effects on isolated fungi at minimal inhibitory concentration of 27 μg ml−1 for Trichophyton mentagrophytes and of 20 μg ml−1 for Epidermophyton floccosum, while iron enhanced dermatophytic growth. Other heavy metals revealed variable effect on...
Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a major cause of death among patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). Few cases of cardiac aspergillosis have been published on CGD patients. Diagnosis of IA in CGD patients can be hampered by lack of characteristic symptoms and clinical signs and the serum galactomannan assay is often negative. We report the first CGD patient with IA presenting as pericarditis...
The fungicidal properties of purified CAY‐1, dissolved silver ion and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) separately were studied in vitro as were the abilities of silver and EDTA to enhance CAY‐1 fungicidal properties. Non‐germinated and germinating conidia of Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium verticillioides (Fusarium moniliforme), Fusarium oxysporum and...
The aim of this study was to evaluate oral epithelial cells of the oral mucosa infected by Candida albicans using exfoliative cytology. Oral smears were collected from clinically normal‐appearing mucosa by liquid‐based exfoliative cytology of 60 individuals (30 patients with oral candidiasis and 30 healthy controls matched for age and gender) and analysed for morphologic and cytomorphometric technique...
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), a human mycosis caused by the dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, is a serious public health problem in several countries of Latin America. In our search we found that the crude extract of the endophytic fungus UFMGCB 551 was able to inhibit several clinical strains of P. brasiliensis, and was also active in the bioautographic assay against Cladosporium sphaerospermum....
Rhodotorula spp. are emergent opportunistic pathogens, particularly in haematological patients. However, no systematic review of this infection has been undertaken in this high‐risk patient group. The aim of this study was to review all reported cases of Rhodotorula infection to determine the epidemiology and outcome of this infection in this high‐risk population. The 29 reported cases were fungaemias...
In Japan, Trichophyton tonsurans infection has become an increasing problem among combat sports participants. We investigated the prevalence of T. tonsurans infection in athletes affiliated to judo clubs in the 21 First Division universities that were registered with the University Judo Federation of Tokyo in 2008. Study procedures performed by the subjects included (i) completion of a questionnaire...
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a complex immune hypersensitivity reaction to Aspergillus fumigatus, usually complicating the course of patients with asthma and cystic fibrosis. The common radiological manifestations encountered are fleeting pulmonary opacities, bronchiectasis and mucoid impaction. Uncommon radiological findings encountered in ABPA include pulmonary masses, perihilar...
Cutaneous Malassezia is an exacerbating factor in patients with atopic dermatitis. We analysed the Malassezia microbiota of adult patients with head and neck atopic dermatitis of different severities (mild, moderate and severe). Of the nine human‐associated Malassezia species, the number detected was similar (3.5–4.2 species per case) among the members of all severity groups. However, the ratio of...
Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is an important cause of infectious morbidity and mortality in patients who undergo haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). History of IA before allogeneic HSCT is still challenging because of the high risk of recurrence after HSCT. Recent advances in early‐stage diagnosis and new, more effective classes of antifungal agents have improved the management of IA in...
Endogenous Candida endophthalmitis is sight‐threatening, difficult to treat and sometimes leads to loss of the eye. Only a few therapeutic agents are available for its treatment. Caspofungin is the first of a new class of antifungal drugs (echinocandins) with a high activity against Candida species, the most common pathogens found in endogenous endophthalmitis. This study investigates the safety profile...
Rapid differentiation of Candida albicans from non‐C. albicans species in direct clinical samples is crucial to optimise empirical antifungal therapy at an early stage, which can lead to the reduction in caspofungin usage with an overall cost saving. Traditional phenotypic methods are time‐consuming and difficult to accurately differentiate Candida albicans from non‐C. albicans species. There is an...
Candida spp. biofilms can be established on a wide range of materials, including implanted medical devices, and can display a resistant phenotype to antifungal drugs. Several factors, including host and surface properties, may influence the establishment and the development of Candida albicans biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces. We therefore selected a collection of C. albicans clinical isolates...
Two soil isolates of Microsporum gypseum were studied for the production of extracellular proteases. Both the strains secreted protease on glucose–gelatin medium. The enzyme activity peaked on day 15 at 28 °C. Asparagine repressed protease yield. Sugars caused catabolite repression of protease formation. Protease activities of both the isolates were significantly affected by incubation period, culture...
Cryptococcosis is frequently associated to the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in AIDS patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This study aimed to evaluate clinical and evolutive features of IRIS associated cryptococcosis patients in Uberaba, Brazil. Patients: Eighty‐one AIDS individuals admitted at the teaching hospital with cryptococcal meningitis were evaluated...
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